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J. HUTCHINSON- REVOLVING CYLINDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED AUG,2I. l9l7.

1 321 046., Patented Nov. 4,1919. 3 SHEETSSHEE|' l.

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APPLICATION FILED AUG.2I. I9I7. 1,321,046, Patented Nov. 4, 1919.

J. 'nuTcnmsom. REVOLVING CYLINDER INTRNAL COMBUSTION MfiTORL 19219fl APPLICATIQN'FILED Auem. i911. Patented NOV. 4 19190 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

'JoB HUTGI-IINSON, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

REVOLVING-CYLINIlER INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR.

Application filed August 21, 1917.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Jon HUTGHINSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Revolving- Cylinder Internal-Combustion Motors, of which the folthe construction of a revolving cylinder motor having none of the objectionable features of this type of motor heretofore produced; to eliminate many of the structural complications of the present motor plants; to provide a motor which has no water cooling apparatus, no crank shaft, no timing gears, and no exhaust'and intake manifolds in the generally understood meaning of these terms. Further, to provide a revolving cylinder motor having a plurality of cylinders and operating on the two-cycle prin-. ciple i'n which-an impulse occurs at each reciprocation of the piston; in which'the cylinders.are cooledpartly by the radiation of heat from the outer surfaces to the surrounding air, and partly by fresh air supplied under pressure to the combustion chamber of each cylinder at the end-of the forward stroke of the piston for the purpose of scavenging and aiding in the cooling of the cyli'nder;in which there are no valves to be operated, and consequently no cams or cam shafts are necessary; and in which the motor as a whole with the accessory parts is mounted in a compact and eflicient organizationthe various parts of which are readily accessible for thepurpose of adjustment and for repairs to and replacement of parts. I

With these and other objects which will more fully hereinafter appear, the invention consistsin the novel construction and arrangement and combination of parts of an internal combustion motor hereinafter Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. a, rare.

Serial No. 187,434.

described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which drawings- Figure 1 is a central vertical section "through the motor, the piston in one of the cylinders being shown in section while the piston in the other cylinder is shown in elevation;

Fig. 1 shows the forward part of the motor base with the apparatus mounted thereon;

Fig. 2 is a view in end elevation looking in the direction of the arrow Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the motor shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the base of the motor upon which all of the parts are mounted and carried. Upon this base is mounted the 011 case casting 2 which is bolted to the base by bolts 3 or secured in place in any other suitable manner. This oil case, casting has preferably an oblique connection 4 with shell 5 which is securely mounted thereon in any suitable manner and within which is designed to rotate the element carrying the revolving cylinders.

The revolving element comprises a preferably circular casting block 6, formed with chambers 7 which'constitute the cylinders of the motor or the greater portion thereof. The outer periphery of the lower end of casting block 6 is provided with packing rings 8 to prevent the oil within the oil case from splashing out.

The motor units upon the revoluble casting blocks are those disclosed in my pending application S. No. 188229, filed July 28, 1917, where the construction is fully described This construction will however be briefly described here for a better understanding of the combination as a whole. The units being all alike, a description of one will suf fice for all. The chamber 7 is provided with a cylinder lining sleeve 9 which snugly fits the chamber and extends thereabove. A d tachable head 10 provided with heat radiating fins fits over the projecting end of sleeve 9 'and both are secured to the casting block 6 by means of bolt 11.

Within the cylinder thus constituted is located hollow piston 12 which is of sufficient capacity to provide space for a fixed abutment' 13 therewithin, this abutment being anchored to the castin by pin 14. This fixed abutment 13 is ho low and constitutes an initial air compression chamber which communicates by a port 15 having a check valve 16 with the confined space 17 below the abutment which constitutes the initial air compressing-- chamber. Above the abut- Y I men't within the hollow piston is theinitial charge compression chamber 18. Thecasting block 6 is formed with suitable inlet and exhaust conduits, these comprising a charge inlet conduit 19 which communicates with annular charge chamber 20 to which the charge is admitted through connection 21. Conduit 22 connects the initial charge comression chamber with the combustion chamber above the piston, and conduit 23 con nects the air compression chamber within the hollow abutment with the combustion chamber. These connections are controlled by the various ports in the cylinder wall and in the air compression chamber, as will be described. Conduit 24 admits outside air through conduit 25 to the initial air com pressing chamber 17. The cycle of operation of each of the motor units may be briefly stated as follows:

When-the piston is in the position indicated .at the right in ,Fig. 1, that is in its outward position, the combustion chamber.

is exhausting through exhaust ports 26, and outside air is being admitted to initial compression chamber- 17. As the piston starts upon its inward stroke the air inlet port of chamber 17 is closed and air is compressed in the aircompression chamber Within the.

, hollow fixed abutment 13. The charge which had upon the downward stroke been compressed in chamber 18 is admitted through conduit 22 to the combustion chamber, and compression of the charge begins within the combustion chamber.

pressed within chamber 13, and is there confined by a valve l6. Port 27 of the piston then registers with charge conduit 19 and a.

fresh charge is admitted to initial charge compression chamber 18. The charge in the combustion chamber is then fired, andthe piston starts upon its outward -movement,

r The casting block 6 is also formed with a central conduit 29 which communicates with the exhaust ports of the cylinders, and is in communication with the hollow shaft 30 upon which the casting block is mounted,

When the piston I reaches its inward position, air is fully comwhich is shown as a ring or flange extending around the interior of the shell 5 and securely fastened thereto. This abutment constitutes any important feature of the invention, and is inclined obliquely at an angle to the axis of rotation of the revoluble casting block 6, and is shown extending inwardly,

from the shell so as to be engaged by the pistons of each'of the motor units. This engagement or connection is'preferably effected by meansof a ball andv socket joint so that the connection is a; sliding one and yet permits a change in angular relation as each piston moves around within the ring. For this purpose a ball 38 is mounted within a socket 39, the ball having aslot for engagement with the flange or ring 37, and the socket havin a suflicientlywide'notch to admit said ring inthe various positions of the piston. The arrangement is such that under thework impulse of each piston, which occurs after the piston has passed the point-of closest proximity of theabutment ring to the cylinder, the piston travels down the slope of the abutment ring and hence forces the revoluble structure to rotate. When the piston reaches the limit of its outward st1'oke,-as shown at the right of Fig. 1, the cylinder exhausts as above described and further rotation causes 'themovement of the sliding connection up. the incline of the fixed. abutment and hence the inward movement, of'the piston to compressthe .new charge within the combustion chamber.-

In the embodiment of the invention as illustrated, I have shown a six-cylinder motor in which there are always twoor three of the units actingto cause rotation, this being equivalent ,to .a twelve-cylinder fourcycle motor. It will be understood however that a greater or less number of cylinders may be employed if desired.

The cylinders may be-fired in any suitable manner, such as by meansof contacts 40 connected to the respectlve spark plugs and mounted upon a. ring 41 carried by the bracket arm34. A. contact brush 42 supplies the ignition current.

Power is transmitted from hollow shaft 30 to shaft 43 carrying. fly-wheel 44, by

means of a bevel gear 45 meshing with bevel p n on 46. Bevel gear 45 also meshes with pmlon 47 mounted upon shaft 48 which drives the usual generator 49 and magneto mamas I 50 by the sprockets located within the casing 51. These parts are mounted upon the .served that the intake for thecharge through Y forward extension 52 of the base 1, and

conne'ction 21 and annular chamber 20 is warmed by-theexhaustgases passing'down through central channel 29 and the hollow shaft 30, thereby promoting combustion of the charge. Also, the intake 'of air for the carbureter may be'passed through chamber 56 by connections. not shown, so that heavier oils than gasolene such as kerosene may be employed.

It will also be observed that by the abovedescribed construction a;-very smooth running motor is prov1ded',---and one in which vibration is reduced to a minimum, When used as an automobile motor the shaft 43 will be connected to the clutch as usual, and all of the parts will be found readily accessible to the operator. The detachable heads 10 of the cylinders may be readily removed, and by removing the bracket 34 the whole motor structure may be taken off leaving the pistons in place. -If the inclined abutment ring 37 be released by removing its attaching bolts, the pistons also may be taken out 1 with themotor structure, or they may be removed singly from the ring after the. rest of the motor structure has been removed.

While I have described an embodiment of my invention which I now believe best for carrying the same into effect, this disclosure blockmounted to turn about. a verticle axis is to be taken as merely illustrative and not in 'a limiting sense, as many changes and modifica ions may be made in the various details without de arting from the sco e of the invention as de ned in the append claims. What I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the.United States is 2-.-

1. A motor including a base, a rotatable on said base, a plurality of cylinder and piston units therein, a shell fitted to said base and having its upper end overlapping. the lower edge of the'superposed castin block, an inclined abutment ring carried r y said shell, and means for slidably connectin the piston elements of said cylinder and :piston units with the abutment-ring. I

2. A revolving cylinder motor comprising linders mouted thereon for common revolule movement, and disposed parallel to. the axis of revolution, elongated pistons for said cylinders extending outside of said cylinders, an'abutment ring fixed with respect to said base and sub stantially encircling said cylinders and inclined with respect to the axis of revolution for cooperation with said pistons, and a sliding connection between each of said piston ends andsaid abutment which comprises a slotted 'ball engaging said abutment ring and seated within a socket upon the piston.

3. A revolving cylinder motor comprising a base, a casting block rotatably mounted about a vertical axis on said base and having a plurality of cylinder chambers, a sleeve fitted in each chamber, a detachable head 00- I operating with each sleeve to provide a complete cylinder, a piston in each sleeve, a fixed abutment ring inclined with respect to the said axis-of the block, and a selfadjusting member carried by the lower end of each piston'and slidably embracing one edge and the upper and lower facesof the ring.

4. A revolving cylinder motor comprising a bas including an abutment ring inclined with respect to the axis thereof, a cylinder block rotatably mounted about a vertical axis on said base and having a plurality of concentric centrally arranged exhaust, gas,

and air passages and also a plurality of vertically disposed cylinder chambers in ported communication with said passages, a plurality of reciprocating piston elements in said chambers, and a self-adjusting member carried by the lower end of each piston and slidably embracing the said abutment ring.

5. A revolving cylinder motor comprising a base including an interior abutment ring inclined with respect to th horizontal plane of the base, a casting block rotatably supported on said base over said ring and forming a housing therefor, a plurality of vertically reciprocating cylinder elements ar-- ranged in said block, and a ball and socket device carried by the lower end of each piston for slida'bly engaging said ring.

i 6. A revolving cylinder motor comprising a base including an inclined abutment ring, a horizontally disposed shaft journaled in said base, gears carried thereby, a casting block rotatably supported on side the ring and having a central exhaust chamher, a plurality of reciprocating piston elements in said block and slidably engagin said abutment ring, a hollow vertical shaf journaled in said base and having its upper end engaging with said block and communieating with the exhaust chamber, and a gear carried by the lo werend of saidshaft and engaging with the gears of said horizontal sha 7. A revolving cylinder motor comprising a base, a plurality of vertically disposed twocycle motor units having cylinders mounted onsaid b'asejfor common revoluble movement and disposed parallel to the axis of revolution at equal distances from said axis, a fixed abutment ring mounted upon said and said surface .Of said abutment ring,

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means'for admitting a charge for compression within each cylinder as the engagement between its piston and said ring proceeds up- Wardly to cause the inward movement of the piston, and means for firing the charge after.

the engagement of each piston with said ring passes the point of greatest inward movement for the piston.

8. A revolving cylinder motor comprising a base, a plurality of cylinders mounted thereon for common revolmble movement and disposed parallel to the axis of revolution,

' pistons for said cylinders, a fixed abutment ring inclined with respect to the axis of revo-.

mamas 9. A revolving cylinder motor comprising a base, a casting block formed with a plurality of cylinder chambers and-cooperating inlet and exhaust conduits, a shaft upon which said casting block is revolubly mounted upon said base,- pistons or cylinders, an inclined fixed abutment for cooperation with said pistons, a sliding connection between each of said pistons and said abutment, a drive shaft for transmitting the movement of said casting block to a device to be driven, a shaft for'commnnicating said movement also to auxiliary apparatus including a generator, and a gearing connectiprt between said casting block and said s a s. I

In testimony whereof I- have hereunto set my hand.

JOB nn'ronmson. 

